What Is Coaching? Exploring Its Roots and Evolution

Coaching has its roots in ancient Greek philosophy, particularly in the Socratic method. Socrates adopted a dialectical approach, asking questions that stimulated reflection and self-analysis rather than offering direct answers. This methodology encouraged individuals to reach their own conclusions — a practice that remains fundamental in modern coaching.

Throughout history, coaching evolved through various forms of mentoring and teaching. In the 19th century, the term “coaching” was first used at the University of Oxford to describe tutors who helped students prepare for their exams. In the 20th century, sports coaching and the development of performance psychology played a crucial role in shaping the modern approaches to coaching.

The rapid growth of coaching in the professional and business world in the late 20th century further refined its methods. Pioneers such as John Whitmore introduced structured models like GROW (Goals, Reality, Options, Will), which remain key tools in coaching practice today.

Within this framework, coaching helps individuals and teams clarify their goals, explore their current situation, identify obstacles and limitations, consider available options and possible scenarios, and ultimately organize their actions and move toward effective implementation.

At the same time, the coach acts as both a guide and a motivator. They teach methods, techniques, and skills, providing the necessary tools and knowledge to help clients achieve their objectives. Simultaneously, they strengthen self-confidence and inspire people to unlock their positive, creative, and dynamic potential.